(Q & A) Inheritance for the Mother & 5 Children

"May I ask a question. There is an inheritance valued at 142 million Ustadz. 2 million has already been paid for the deceased's debt. The remaining amount is 140 million. How should this be divided, Ustadz? The heirs consist of the mother (the wife of the deceased), 2 daughters, and 3 sons."

Answer:

The mother (the wife of the deceased) receives 1/8th of the inheritance because there are children. This is based on Allah's verse concerning the wife's inheritance:

وَلَهُنَّ الرُّبُعُ مِمَّا تَرَكْتُمْ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَكُمْ وَلَدٌ فَإِنْ كَانَ لَكُمْ وَلَدٌ فَلَهُنَّ الثُّمُنُ مِمَّا تَرَكْتُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ تُوصُونَ بِهَا أَوْ دَيْنٍ

"...For them (the wives) is one-fourth of what you leave if you leave no child. But if you leave a child, then for them is one-eighth of what you leave, after any bequest you [may have] made or debt." (An-Nisā: 12)

As for the children, the remainder is divided according to the ratio of 1:2, meaning the share of a male child is equal to the share of two female children. This is based on Allah's verse:

يُوصِيكُمُ اللّٰهُ فِي أَوْلَادِكُمْ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الْأُنْثَيَيْنِ

"Allah instructs you concerning [the inheritance of] your children: for the male, what is equal to the share of two females..." (An-Nisā: 11)

Calculation:

If the total remaining wealth is 140,000,000 (140 million), the division is as follows:

1. Mother's Share (Wife):

   • $1/8\times 140,000,000=17,500,000$ rupiah.

2. Remaining Wealth for the Children:

   • $140,000,000-17,500,000=122,500,000$ rupiah.

3. Children's Shares (Ratio 2:1):

   • To simplify the calculation using shares:

     • Each son receives 2 shares. (3 sons × 2 shares = 6 shares)

     • Each daughter receives 1 share. (2 daughters × 1 share = 2 shares)

   • Total shares = $6+2=8$ shares.

4. Value per Share:

   • $122,500,000÷8=15,312,500$ rupiah.

5. Individual Shares:

   • Each Daughter's Share (1 share): $15,312,500\times 1=15,312,500$ rupiah.

   • Each Son's Share (2 shares): $15,312,500\times 2=30,625,000$ rupiah.

Conclusion:

The mother receives 17,500,000 rupiah. Each son receives 30,625,000 rupiah. Each daughter receives 15,312,500rupiah.

Wallahu a’lam (And Allah knows best).